ARR. anbaiarr (plomo de Gandía, Fletcher y Silgo Arse 27), arr (Azaila, Siles: 1985, nº 156; M.L.H. E.1.51- campaniense/ 311b ánfora al lado FP?), arr (plato griego, Ensérune, M.L.H. B.1.11; Siles: 1985, nº 162 y 163), arru[... (jarro campaniense, Ensérune, M.L.H. B.1.235; MLH. B.1.311/ 312), ...]arr (cerámica campaniense, Ensérune, M.L.H. B.1.238), arrbikir (Ullastret, Siles: 1985, nº k166), arrbiskar (Oliete, Siles: 1985, nº 166; M.L.H. E.5.4, no existe según hemos podido comprobar; es …]arrbisaren), Arbiscar (Turma Salluitana si es *arr-bizkarr), (ta)rrarr[... (Liria XXVIII, M.L.H. F.13.58), ...]arrenyi (Sigean, M.L.H. B.7.8; Siles: 1985, nº 1475).
Untermann (1998a, p. 81, n. 4) segmenta Arbiscar como arbi-(i)skar o arbi-biskar. Segmentación errónea, por lo que tampoco resulta posible la identificación de Pérez Orozco (2007, p. 105) con vasc. erbi / arbi ‘liebre’.
Faria analiza Arbiscar como arbi-(i)skar’ (1994, p. 66), el elemento ar’ se encontraría en ar’-taker’, también antropónimo (ibidem). Faria (1998d, p. 269) elemento antroponímico ar’. Faria (1999a, p. 153) sobre ar-biscar, indica arbi (MLH III, 1, # 7.13) tal vez no ha existido. Con ar- se relacionaría ar-tacer (sic Faria) G.7.2, aR-tican (Cerdaña), *âidu-ar (MLH I, 1, p. 338), F.9.5 *aidu-ar (MLH I, 1, p. 338), us’tal-aRi-lun F.9.5 y el Nombre de Lugar Biscargi.
El mismo nombre Arbiscar es segmentado por Rodriguez Ramos (2002c, pp. 254, 262) arbi-(i)zkar, Faria (2004, p. 294) prefiere ar-biscar de *ar-biscar o *ar-bis’car. De la misma opinión es Silgo (2009c, p. 142) que señala que ar- tal vez sea vasc. arr ‘varón’, en contra Orduña (mail de 20- 5- 2010 apud Silgo loc. cit.) sigue prefiriendo arbi-(i)zkar y, por su parte, el profesor Elexpuru (mail de 24 – 5- 2010 apud Silgo loc. cit.) dice que arr ‘macho’ no se da en onomástica vasca y propone AR ‘piedra, peña’ [el inconveniente es que vasc. (h)arri a que se refiere Elexpuru debía ser en época ibérica *karri].
ARR. Plomo Covalta Ib, MLH. G.6.1, escritura meridional.
-ARR- …]arr[… (MLH. B.1.311 Ensérune),.…]arr*[… (MLH. B.1.312 Ensérune), …]arr (MLH. *D.18.1C jarra de La Joncosa, 150-100 a. C. ; Moncunill, 2007, p. 337), …]arrbisaren (El Palomar, Oliete antes E.5.4 arrbiskar’* ; Moncunill, 2007, p. 337) …]arry (Olriols, plomo; Moncunill, 2007, p. 338).
ARRA. arrabagi. Villares Va (M.L.H. F.17.1; Velaza: 1991, nº 46), arrakarrer (Villares Vb, M.L.H. F.17.1; Velaza: 1991, nº 47, plomo).
Silgo (2005, p. 19) señala que arrabagi esta palabra tiene –gi pluralizador y –ba determinante, arra tal vez se pueda relacionar con vasc. ardi ‘oveja’, y más tarde (p. 21) piensa si arrakarrer no significará “ovino” “conjunto de ovejas” [hoy hemos abandonado ambas hipótesis].
ARRAM. arramtarrsu (Roca 4 de la zona 3 de Bolvir, Campmajo y Ferrer 2010; tiarraytarrsu*** en MLH. *B.26.1; Moncunill, 2007, p. 304).
ARRAN. Arranes (Turma Salluitana), [i]skerrlakonarrankokolo (grafito en cerámica ibérica de los siglos IV-III a.C., Camí del Llor, Sant Boi, Velaza: 1991, nº 477; Panosa: 1993, nº 15.4.). Los dos nombres han sido puestos en relación por Faria (1995a, p. 80).
En 1994 decíamos: “Es arran + -es. Preferible su traducción por vasco erran/ erren = “cojo”, a arrain = “pescado”, que propuso Schuchardt (1909), o arrano = “águila” propuesta por Andersson (1993, p. 487)”. Pérez Orozco (2007, p. 104) da como probable su relación con vasc. arrano ‘águila’ y Silgo (2009c, p. 142) se muestra ahora de acuerdo (Arranes sería algo así como “aquilinus”), lo mismo el profesor Elexpuru (mail de 24/ 5/ 2010 apud Silgo 2009c loc. cit.)..
Faria añade *ar’an-kis’ (Hep 3, 1993, 363). Faria (1998d, pp. 268 y 269; 1998f, p. 229; 1998b, p. 235) arran-es o arran-(n)es.
Para el mismo Arranes Rodriguez Ramos (2002c pp. 255, 266) propone venga de *arr(¿)-nes, lo que es criticado por Faria que prefiere la solución arriba citada’ (Faria 1998b, p. 235; 2002b, p. 237).
Arranko (kolo?) es NP para Faria aranco (golo?) (sic Faria) segmentado en aran-co(-golo?) en (Faria 1995a, pp. 79-80; 1997, p. 111; 1998b, p. 235; 2004 p. 302).
Jueves, 14. Noviembre 2019
ARBISCAR of the Ascoli Bronze Plate has a very obvious Vasconic etymology, so obvious in fact that heterodox Vascologists have performed extreme contortions to avoid it (as we see here).
The obvious segmentation is AR- + BISKAR “stone back”. As such, it is more of a byname than a true bipartite anthroponym, where a finite selection of words are bolted together more or less randomly. AR- rather clearly corresponds to Basque (h)arri, (h)ar- “stone”, while BISKAR rather clearly corresponds to Basque bizkar “back”. Another example of an Iberian byname is KEBELSILUNIN “darkest black smoke”.
It is difficult to see what objection can be raised against this analysis. A case of if it looks like an elephant it usually is an elephant, if ever there was one. Surely, end of inquiry in that regard?
The proposed segmentation, ARBI-SKAR, poses two difficulties, neither of which it is possible to overcome. Firstly, Iberian ARBI (as in Arbeost, Hautes-Pyrenées), is likely to correspond to Basque arbi “turnip”. Is a word for “turnip” likely to be an anthroponymic compound element? Secondly, the initial /sk/ cluster is almost certainly not possible in Iberian. “ISKAR” is not evidenced. Some might say that Iberian ARBI could have referred to a different plant to the turnip. That is quite plausible. Phytonyms did shift around semantically, sometimes quite radically, over the millennia. However, ARBI appears to have been particularly stable historically. Compare Welsh erfynen “turnip”, a substrate loanword probably from British Vasconic. It seems that the meaning, “turnip”, therefore goes right back to the ice melt. Connecting Iberian ARBI to Basque erbi “hare” is problematic, because in Vasconic initial /a/ is exceptionally stable.
Iberian ARI, AR- very clearly corresponds to Basque (h)arri, (h)ar- “stone”. The reduction of the combinatory form is replicated in Iberian, and also in British Vasconic.
For the freestanding form, consider ARI NE (…) IRIKA JUNSTIR “who (list of names) are about to provide, with pleasure, the tombstone” (Orleyl). Also, ARIKALE “stonemason” (Pech Maho). For the combinatory form, consider the toponym, ARTIGI, which is identical to Basque Artegi.
In British Vasconic, one finds ARICONIUM, a mutatio listed on the Antonine Itinerary, which is probably the old name of Penyard Hill in Herefordshire: *ARI-KON “high rock” or “rock height”. Penyard Hill does present a notable exposure of bare rock, now partially hidden by modern coniferisation. One also finds the toponym, Arthuret (Cumbria), which is probably an old hydronym: *AR-TUR-ETA “stony spring stream”.
Initial /h/ in Basque is never original. The corresponding Iberian words always lack it (except in the small region of the Upper Garonne Valley). Aspiration in Basque is a complex issue, and I am unaware of any Vascologist who has ever got to grips with it. /h/ is a very unstable sound. The 11th century Reja De San Millan document has /h/ in numerous positions where it is missing in contemporary Northern Basque dialects. It is a secondary feature similar to the habit of many Welsh people over the last century to say things like “huniversity heducation”, while dropping /h/ where it is actually present in standard English.